Lyudmila Pasiyeshvili1 and Tamara Pasiieshvili1
1General Practice-Family Medicine and Internal Diseases, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
In the development and progression of asthma discusses various pathogenetic links, among which a particular place belongs to the blood fatty acid spectrum. Fatty acids not only determine the state of the cell membrane, being its integral part, but also participate in the development of eicosanoids.
Aim: to determine the content of individual fatty acids blood serum in patients with asthma.
Material and methods: The study involved 37 patients with asthma 2 degrees in remission at the age of 32.1 ± 4.2 years and disease duration 9.3 ± 2.2 years.
Determined the content of palmitic (C16:0) and arachidonic (C20:0) fatty acids.
The study showed that the disease is accompanied by a decrease in the level of palmitic (up to 19.4 ± 1.2% at a rate of – 41.9 ± 0.9%) and an increase in arachidonic (18.7 ± 1.3% in the control 2.8 ± 0.3%) fatty acids. Considering the role of each of them, it is possible to talk about the violation of its strength as a result of reducing the surface tension, which contributes to its rupture.
At the same time observed reduction of the saturated (33.5 ± 2.9%, p <0.05) and increased total levels of unsaturated (65.2 ± 4.5%, p <0.05) and polyunsaturated (47.9 ± 3.4%, p <0.05) fatty acids. Changes in the content and ratio of fatty acids lead to violation of production of eicosanoids, which ensure the formation reactions of “respiratory burst”, that is considered as a universal mechanism for destruction of the cell membrane.
Conclusions: In patients with asthma are observed changes in lipid biomembranes profile. This persistent lipid imbalance may contribute to chronisation of pathology and its progression.
